Bonilla-Musoles F, Raga F, Castillo JC, Bonilla F Jr, Climent MT, Caballero O. High Definition Real- Time Ultrasound (HDLive) of Embryonic and Fetal Malformations before Week 16. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):1-8.

Kadic AS, Predojevic M, Kurjak A. Fetal and Maternal Physiology and Ultrasound Diagnosis. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):9-35.

Honemeyer U, Saling E. Past, Present and Future of Fetal Brain Assessment. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):36-45.

Pooh RK. Early Detection of Fetal Abnormality. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):46-50.

Honemeyer U, Kurjak A. Advanced Obstetrical and Gynecological Ultrasound: Imaging with New Technologies. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):51-65.

The incidence of multifetal gestation and particularly of twin pregnancy has raised as a result of the introduction of assisted reproduction techniques (ART). Twinto- twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a serious complication observed in monochorionic pregnancies producing severe morbidity and ultimately resulting in loss of one or all fetuses. We assessed the potential of early prediction of TTTS among three markers screened early in pregnancy [nuchal translucency (NT)] and its discrepancy and discordance, crown-rump length (CRL) and its discrepancy and discordance among twins and ductus venosus (DV) Doppler abnormalities.

We conducted a systematic review searching Medline (1966-2011) and Scopus (2004-2011) engines, as well as reference lists from all included studies. Twelve studies were finally enrolled in the present review, including seven prospective studies, three prospective studies and one that could not be defined either as prospective or retrospective.

It seems that DV Doppler may denote this syndrome's possible future development and should be assessed early in monochorionic pregnancies. Further studies are definitely needed in order to evaluate the place of CRL and NT discrepancy and discordance in predicting TTTS.

Antsaklis A, Pergialiotis V, Theodora M, Papazefkos V, Antsaklis P. Early Prediction of Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome with the use of First Trimester Ultrasound Markers: Is it Possible? Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):66-72.

Natsis S, Antsaklis P, Antsaklis A, Kurjak A. Three-dimensional Evaluation of the Placenta: Review of the Literature. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):73-79.

To determine which clinical, biochemical and other sonographic parameters could be useful to predict malignancy in sonographically solid adnexal masses.

Clinical, biochemical and other sonographic features from 227 women diagnosed as having an entirely solid adnexal mass on B-mode gray-scale ultrasound were reviewed for this retrospective study. All patients had undergone surgery and mass removal. Definitive histologic diagnosis was available in all cases. All parameters were compared to final histological diagnosis (benign or malignant) in univariate statistical analysis. Then a stepwise forward logistic regression analysis was performed to identify those features that independently predict malignancy.

A total of 227 masses were analyzed. Patients’ mean age was 52.9 years (range: 15-84 years). A total of 150 masses were malignant and 77 were benign. In 52 cases carcinomatosis was observed on ultrasound scan and all theses cases were malignant. In the remaining 175 cases, univariate analysis showed statistical differences between benign and malignant tumors all parameters except tumor's volume. After logistic regression analysis tumor contour, acoustic shadowing, amount of color and CA 125 were identified as independent predictors of malignancy. Using a logistic model 94.4% of malignant tumors and 85.7% of benign tumors would be correctly identified.

The presence of carcinomatosis is invariably associated to malignancy. In absence of carcinomatosis, irregular tumor contour, absence of acoustic shadowing, moderate or abundant blood flow and a high CA 125 are associated to malignancy.

Utrilla-Layna J, Olartecoechea B, Aubá M, Ruiz-Zambrana A, Pineda L, Alcázar JL. Predicting Malignancy in Entirely Solid-appearing Adnexal Masses on Gray-Scale Ultrasound Based on Additional Ultrasound Findings, Clinical Complaints and Biochemical Parameters: A Retrospective Study. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):80-85.

El Hemaly AKM, Mousa LA, Kurjak A, Kandil IM, Serour AG. Pelvic Floor Dysfunction, the Role of Imaging and Reconstructive Surgery. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):86-97.

Constantinescu S, Denes M, Chilianu A, Vladareanu R. Magnesium Sulfate: Fetal Neuroprotective Role in Reducing the Risk of Cerebral Palsy. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):98-104.

Tie W, Tajnert K, Plavsic SK. Ultrasound Imaging of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(1):105-112.