Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology

Register      Login

VOLUME 2 , ISSUE 3 ( July-September, 2008 ) > List of Articles

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Embryology of the Human Brain

Kohei Shiota

Keywords : Embryology of the human brain,neurulation in human embryos,myelination

Citation Information : Shiota K. Embryology of the Human Brain. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2008; 2 (3):1-8.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1061

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 01-06-2009

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2008; The Author(s).


Abstract

In this paper, the process of CNS development in human embryos and fetuses is described. The primordium of the nervous system appears as early as during the third week after fertilization, but its differentiation and maturation require a considerably long period of time until after birth. Therefore, the developing brain is vulnerable to various kinds of deleterious environmental effects during the preand perinatal life. This paper aims at giving an overview of the major organogenesis of the brain in human embryos and fetuses.


PDF Share
  1. Development of the posterior neural tube in human embryos. Anat Embryol 2004;209:107-17.
  2. Aberrant differentiation of the axially-condensed tail bud mesencyme in human embryos with lumbosacral myeloschisis. Anat Rec 2007;290:251-58.
  3. Evidence for multi-site closure of the neural tube in humans. Am J Med Genet 1993;47:723-43.
  4. Developmental study of neural tube closure in a mouse stock with a high incidence of exencephaly. Teratology 1989;39:195-213.
  5. Normal mouse strains differ in the site of initiation of closure of the cranial neural tube. Teratology 1991;44:225-33.
  6. Intermittent pattern of neural tube closure in two strains of mice. Teratology 1993;47:73-80.
  7. Neural tube closure in humans initiates at multiple sites: evidence from human embryos and implications for the pathogenesis of neural tube defects. Anat Embryol (Berl) 2000;201:455-66.
  8. A well-preserved human embryo of ten somites. Contrib Embryol Carnegie Inst 1929;20:81-102.
  9. Developmental horizons in human embryos. Description of age group X, 4 to 12 somites. Contrib Embryol Carnegie Inst 1957;36:29-39.
  10. The first appearance of the neural tube and optic primordium in the human embryo at stage 10. Anat Embryol (Berl) 1985;172:157-69.
  11. The development of the human brain, the closure of the caudal neuropore, and the beginning of secondary neurulation at stage 12. Anat Embryol (Berl) 1987;176:413-30.
  12. The Embryonic Human Brain: An Atlas of Developmental Stages (3rd ed). Wiley-Liss, New York, 2006.
  13. Clinical Neuroembryology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg and New York, 2006.
  14. The myelogenetic cycles of regional maturation of the brain. In A Minkowski (Ed): Regional Development of the Brain in Early Life. Blackwell, Oxford, 1967;3-70.
  15. MR imaging of the various stages of normal myelination during the first year of life. Neuroradiology 1990;31:459-70.
  16. Magnetic Resonance of Myelin, Myelination and Myelin Disorders (2nd ed), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg and New York, 1995.
  17. Metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders and disorders with abnormal myelination. In “Pediatric Neuroradiology” (WS Ball, Ed): Lippincott, Philadelphia 1997;175-37.
  18. Visualization of human prenatal development by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Am J Med Genet (Part A) 2007;143A:3121-26.
  19. Graphic and movie illustrations of human prenatal development and their application to embryological education based on the human embryo specimens in the Kyoto Collection. Dev Dyn. Graphic and movie illustrations of human prenatal development and their application to embryological education based on the human embryo specimens in the Kyoto Collection. Dev Dyn 2006;235:468-77.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.