Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology

Register      Login

VOLUME 18 , ISSUE 3 ( July-September, 2024 ) > List of Articles

CASE REPORT

Epstein–Barr Virus as a Risk Factor for Fetal Hypoxia and Preterm Birth: A Case Report

Zacharias Fasoulakis, Antonios Michail, Maria-Ioanna Chatziioanou, Afroditi Pegkou, Ioannis Prokopakis, Alexandria Psarris, Marianna Theodora, George Daskalakis, Panagiotis Antsaklis

Keywords : Adverse pregnancy outcomes, Case report, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Perinatal infections, Preterm birth, Stress-induced immune dysregulation

Citation Information : Fasoulakis Z, Michail A, Chatziioanou M, Pegkou A, Prokopakis I, Psarris A, Theodora M, Daskalakis G, Antsaklis P. Epstein–Barr Virus as a Risk Factor for Fetal Hypoxia and Preterm Birth: A Case Report. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2024; 18 (3):311-317.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10009-2036

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 30-09-2024

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2024; The Author(s).


Abstract

Adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, are markedly higher among patients with perinatal infections. Stress-induced immune dysregulation may contribute to these effects. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection rarely affects the course of pregnancy since only a few pregnant women are susceptible to the virus; however, when there is a primary infection with severe symptoms, the management of the pregnancy is very challenging for both the patient and the obstetrician. We report a rare case of a 20-year-old primigravida who gave preterm birth due to EBV infection causing fetal hypoxia.


PDF Share
  1. Eskild A, Bruu AL, Stray-Pedersen B, et al. Epstein–Barr virus infection during pregnancy and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. BJOG 2005;112(12):1620–1624. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00764.x
  2. Godbout JP, Glaser R. Stress-induced immune dysregulation: implications for wound healing, infectious disease and cancer. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2006;1(4):421–427. DOI: 10.1007/s11481-006-9036-0
  3. Goldberg GN, Fulginiti VA, Ray CG, et al. In utero Epstein–Barr virus (infectious mononucleosis) infection. JAMA 1981;246(14):1579–1581. DOI: 10.1001/jama.1981.03320140067034
  4. Glaser R, Pearl DK, Kiecolt-Glaser JK, et al. Plasma cortisol levels and reactivation of latent Epstein–Barr virus in response to examination stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1994;19(8):765–772. DOI: 10.1016/0306-4530(94)90023-X
  5. Glaser R, Friedman SB, Smyth J, et al. The differential impact of training stress and final examination stress on herpesvirus latency at the United States Military Academy at West Point. Brain Behav Immun 1999;13(3):240–251. DOI: 10.1006/brbi.1999.0566
  6. Purtilo DT, Sakamoto K. Reactivation of Epstein–Barr virus in pregnant women: social factors, and immune competence as determinants of lymphoproliferative diseases—a hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 1982;8(4):401–408. DOI: 10.1016/0306-9877(82)90033-0
  7. Pierson DL, Stowe RP, Phillips TM, et al. Epstein–Barr virus shedding by astronauts during space flight. Brain Behav Immun 2005;19(3):235–242. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2004.08.001
  8. Avgil M, Diav-Citrin O, Shechtman S, et al. Epstein–Barr virus infection in pregnancy—a prospective controlled study. Reprod Toxicol 2008;25(4):468–471. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2008.04.004
  9. Trogstad LI, Eskild A, Bruu AL, et al. Is preeclampsia an infectious disease? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2001;80(11):1036–1038. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0412.2001.801112.x
  10. Shonkoff JP, Boyce WT, McEwen BS. Neuroscience, molecular biology, and the childhood roots of health disparities: building a new framework for health promotion and disease prevention. JAMA 2009;301(21):2252–2259. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2009.754
  11. Borders AEB, Grobman WA, Amsden LB, et al. The relationship between self-report and biomarkers of stress in low-income reproductive-age women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010;203(6):577.e1–577.e8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.08.002
  12. Stowe RP, Peek MK, Perez NA, et al. Herpesvirus reactivation and socioeconomic position: a community-based study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2010;64(8):666–671. DOI: 10.1136/jech.2008.078808
  13. Haeri S, Johnson N, Baker AM, et al. Maternal depression and Epstein–Barr virus reactivation in early pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2011;117(4):862–866. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31820f3a30
  14. Bennett JM, Glaser R, Mallarkey WB, et al. Inflammation and reactivation of latent herpesviruses in older adults. Brain Behav Immun 2012;26(5):739–746. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.11.007
  15. Haverkos HW, Amsel Z, Drotman DP. Adverse virus-drug interactions. Rev Infect Dis 1991;13(4):697–704. DOI: 10.1093/clinids/13.4.697
  16. Triantos D, Porter SR, Scully C, et al. Oral hairy leukoplakia: clinicopathologic features, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and clinical significance. Clin Infect Dis 1997;25(6):1392–1396. DOI: 10.1086/516131
  17. Epstein JB, Sherlock CH, Greenspan JS. Hairy leukoplakia-like lesions following bone-marrow transplantation. AIDS 1991;5(1):101–102. DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199101000-00016
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.